Sexual Division of Labour

Semester – I Interdisciplinary SC 101-ID: Environment and Society

1. What does the concept of sexual division of labour refer to?

(A) The allocation of tasks and roles between people based on their gender

(B) Equal distribution of tasks between men and women

(D) Distribution of tasks in modern industrial societies

(A) The allocation of tasks and roles between people based on their gender

Explanation: The sexual division of labour refers to the societal practice of assigning roles and tasks based on the gender of individuals, traditionally dividing work into "male" and "female" domains.

2. Historically, how have the tasks been divided between men and women in most societies?

(A) Women mainly performed domestic tasks, while men were involved in economic and political activities

(B) Women and men shared all tasks equally

(D) Women were leaders in all domains

(A) Women mainly performed domestic tasks, while men were involved in economic and political activities

Explanation: Traditionally, most societies have assigned women the role of managing the household and caregiving, while men have dominated public and economic spheres, thus creating a clear division of labour based on gender.

3. Which of the following is an example of the sexual division of labour in modern societies?

(A) Equal participation of men and women in all occupations

(B) Women predominantly working in caregiving and service-related jobs

(D) Both men and women sharing all tasks equally in the workplace

(B) Women predominantly working in caregiving and service-related jobs

Explanation: In modern societies, the sexual division of labour continues to manifest in women predominantly being employed in caregiving, education, healthcare, and service industries, while men are often more represented in leadership, technology, and industrial sectors.

4. How does the sexual division of labour impact gender inequality?

(A) It leads to a more equal distribution of resources

(B) It reinforces gender stereotypes and limits opportunities for both men and women

(D) It promotes women’s empowerment by assigning them domestic roles

(B) It reinforces gender stereotypes and limits opportunities for both men and women

Explanation: The sexual division of labour reinforces traditional gender stereotypes by assigning specific roles based on gender, thus limiting the opportunities for both men and women to explore careers or roles outside of these expectations.

5. Which of the following is an example of the changing sexual division of labour?

(A) More women entering the workforce and men participating in household chores

(B) Women exclusively working in domestic roles

(D) Women working in teaching and healthcare, while men remain in leadership roles

(A) More women entering the workforce and men participating in household chores

Explanation: In recent decades, the sexual division of labour has changed as more women enter the workforce and men increasingly share caregiving and household duties, leading to more equal distribution of domestic and professional roles.

6. What is one primary consequence of the sexual division of labour in traditional societies?

(A) Equal access to all types of work for both men and women

(B) Men primarily engage in public and economic spheres, while women are confined to domestic tasks

(D) Men and women equally share both public and domestic roles

(B) Men primarily engage in public and economic spheres, while women are confined to domestic tasks

Explanation: In traditional societies, the sexual division of labour often confines women to domestic tasks such as childcare and housekeeping, while men participate in economic, political, and public life, reinforcing gender-based roles.

7. How does the sexual division of labour affect women’s career choices?

(A) It encourages women to explore all career fields equally with men

(B) It discourages women from pursuing careers in certain fields, such as engineering or technology, due to societal expectations

(D) It has no impact on women’s career decisions

(B) It discourages women from pursuing careers in certain fields, such as engineering or technology, due to societal expectations

Explanation: The sexual division of labour discourages women from pursuing careers in fields considered "masculine," such as engineering or technology, due to societal expectations that women should focus on caregiving and nurturing roles.

8. In modern economies, how has the sexual division of labour changed?

(A) Men continue to dominate all industries, and women focus solely on caregiving roles

(B) Women increasingly participate in the workforce, especially in sectors like healthcare, education, and service industries

(D) There is no shift in the sexual division of labour in modern economies

(B) Women increasingly participate in the workforce, especially in sectors like healthcare, education, and service industries

Explanation: In modern economies, the sexual division of labour has evolved, with more women entering the workforce, particularly in industries like healthcare, education, and service, although gender imbalances still exist in some sectors.

9. What is the impact of the sexual division of labour on men in family life?

(A) Men are encouraged to take on caregiving and domestic duties

(B) Men are typically expected to focus on being the primary breadwinner, limiting their involvement in caregiving

(D) Men are equally responsible for domestic chores and childcare

(B) Men are typically expected to focus on being the primary breadwinner, limiting their involvement in caregiving

Explanation: Societal expectations often pressure men to be the primary earners, limiting their involvement in caregiving and domestic duties, which reinforces gendered roles in the family.

10. How does the sexual division of labour contribute to gender inequality in society?

(A) It encourages equal participation of men and women in all economic and household roles

(B) It perpetuates the idea that women are naturally suited for domestic work and men for public or economic roles

(D) It encourages women to pursue leadership roles

(B) It perpetuates the idea that women are naturally suited for domestic work and men for public or economic roles

Explanation: The sexual division of labour reinforces gender inequality by promoting the belief that women are more suited to caregiving and domestic roles, while men are better suited for economic, political, and leadership roles.

11. How does the sexual division of labour affect men’s mental health in modern societies?

(A) Men are encouraged to seek emotional support and care roles

(B) Men may face stress and mental health challenges due to societal pressure to conform to traditional roles as providers

(D) Men are free to explore all roles without societal expectations

(B) Men may face stress and mental health challenges due to societal pressure to conform to traditional roles as providers

Explanation: The sexual division of labour often leads to pressure on men to conform to traditional roles as primary breadwinners, which can cause stress and mental health issues due to the societal expectation of emotional restraint and financial responsibility.

12. Which of the following industries has historically been dominated by women, due to the sexual division of labour?

(A) Technology and engineering

(B) Agriculture and construction

(D) Finance and politics

Explanation: Due to the sexual division of labour, industries like healthcare, teaching, and social work have traditionally been dominated by women, as they are seen as nurturing and caregiving roles that align with societal expectations of women.

13. How does the sexual division of labour affect the household decision-making process?

(A) Men and women equally share decision-making roles in all areas of family life

(B) Women are often expected to handle decisions related to childcare and domestic tasks, while men make decisions about finances and external matters

(D) Women exclusively make all household decisions

(B) Women are often expected to handle decisions related to childcare and domestic tasks, while men make decisions about finances and external matters

Explanation: The sexual division of labour often results in women taking primary responsibility for childcare and domestic decisions, while men are expected to handle decisions about finances and matters outside the home.

14. How does the sexual division of labour contribute to career segregation by gender?

(A) It encourages both men and women to work in any occupation of their choice

(B) It results in certain careers being dominated by one gender due to societal expectations about "appropriate" work for men and women

(D) It leads to women dominating industries such as finance and technology

(B) It results in certain careers being dominated by one gender due to societal expectations about "appropriate" work for men and women

Explanation: The sexual division of labour leads to career segregation by gender, where certain industries or roles are seen as appropriate for men (e.g., engineering, technology) and others for women (e.g., nursing, teaching), limiting opportunities for both genders to pursue a diverse range of careers.

15. How does the sexual division of labour impact the overall economy?

(A) It leads to equal economic contribution from both men and women

(B) It limits the full potential of the workforce by confining women to certain roles and industries

(D) It promotes economic growth by having all genders equally represented in the workforce

(B) It limits the full potential of the workforce by confining women to certain roles and industries

Explanation: The sexual division of labour can limit the economic potential of a society by restricting women to certain roles and industries, preventing them from fully contributing to sectors where they are underrepresented, such as technology, finance, and leadership.

16. How does the sexual division of labour impact women’s opportunities in leadership roles?

(A) Women are more likely to be promoted into leadership roles than men

(B) Women are often overlooked for leadership roles due to societal expectations about their primary caregiving responsibilities

(D) Women dominate leadership roles in all sectors

(B) Women are often overlooked for leadership roles due to societal expectations about their primary caregiving responsibilities

Explanation: The sexual division of labour often places the responsibility of caregiving on women, which can limit their time and opportunities for leadership roles in the workplace, as they are seen as less available for demanding positions.

17. Which of the following sectors is most impacted by the sexual division of labour, with women predominantly working in it?

(A) Engineering and technology

(B) Healthcare and education

(D) Finance and investment

(B) Healthcare and education

Explanation: The sexual division of labour has led to women being predominantly employed in caregiving, teaching, and healthcare sectors, where these roles are seen as more "appropriate" for women due to societal expectations of nurturing and caregiving.

18. How can challenging the sexual division of labour help reduce gender inequality?

(A) By reinforcing traditional gender roles in the workplace

(B) By encouraging both men and women to take on roles traditionally assigned to the other gender, promoting equality in work and home life

(D) By encouraging men to remain in leadership and women to remain in caregiving roles

(B) By encouraging both men and women to take on roles traditionally assigned to the other gender, promoting equality in work and home life

Explanation: Challenging the sexual division of labour helps reduce gender inequality by encouraging both men and women to take on roles traditionally assigned to the other gender, promoting equality in both professional and domestic spheres.

19. How does the sexual division of labour affect the perception of women's work in certain industries?

(A) Women's work is equally valued in all industries

(B) Women's work is often undervalued and underpaid in industries such as caregiving, education, and healthcare

(D) Women's work is not impacted by the sexual division of labour

(B) Women's work is often undervalued and underpaid in industries such as caregiving, education, and healthcare

Explanation: Due to the sexual division of labour, women’s work, particularly in caregiving, education, and healthcare, is often undervalued and underpaid, as these roles are seen as extensions of women’s traditional domestic responsibilities.

20. What effect does the sexual division of labour have on men’s emotional expression?

(A) Men are encouraged to express emotions freely and openly

(B) Men are often discouraged from expressing emotions and are expected to conform to traditional masculine norms of stoicism

(D) Men face no pressure regarding emotional expression

(B) Men are often discouraged from expressing emotions and are expected to conform to traditional masculine norms of stoicism

Explanation: The sexual division of labour reinforces traditional masculine norms that discourage men from expressing emotions and seeking emotional support, which can lead to mental health issues due to emotional suppression.

21. How does the sexual division of labour impact the sharing of domestic responsibilities between men and women?

(A) Both men and women share domestic responsibilities equally

(B) Women are typically responsible for the majority of domestic tasks, while men focus on work outside the home

(D) There is no division of labour in the household

(B) Women are typically responsible for the majority of domestic tasks, while men focus on work outside the home

Explanation: The sexual division of labour often leads to women shouldering the majority of domestic responsibilities, including childcare and household chores, while men focus on work outside the home, reinforcing gender roles in family life.

22. How can men’s involvement in caregiving roles challenge the traditional sexual division of labour?

(A) By reinforcing the idea that caregiving is solely a woman's responsibility

(B) By encouraging women to take on more leadership roles

(C) By promoting gender equality in both public and private spheres and allowing men to express care and emotional connection

(D) By discouraging men from pursuing careers

(C) By promoting gender equality in both public and private spheres and allowing men to express care and emotional connection

Explanation: Men’s involvement in caregiving roles challenges the traditional sexual division of labour by promoting gender equality in both the domestic and professional spheres, allowing men to express care and emotional connection without stigma.

23. How can the sexual division of labour impact the mental health of women?

(A) Women face no mental health challenges due to gender roles

(B) The burden of performing domestic duties alongside professional work can lead to stress, burnout, and mental health issues for women

(D) The sexual division of labour has no impact on mental health

(B) The burden of performing domestic duties alongside professional work can lead to stress, burnout, and mental health issues for women

Explanation: The sexual division of labour often leads to women bearing a disproportionate burden of both domestic duties and professional work, which can result in stress, burnout, and other mental health issues.

24. How can education help reduce the sexual division of labour in society?

(A) By reinforcing traditional gender roles in career choices

(B) By encouraging both men and women to pursue careers and roles outside of gender stereotypes, such as men in caregiving and women in leadership

(D) By promoting the idea that women should be limited to domestic work

(B) By encouraging both men and women to pursue careers and roles outside of gender stereotypes, such as men in caregiving and women in leadership

Explanation: Education can help reduce the sexual division of labour by encouraging both men and women to pursue careers and roles outside of traditional gender stereotypes, leading to greater gender equality in both public and private life.

25. How does the sexual division of labour contribute to gender-based occupational segregation?

(A) It ensures that men and women are equally represented in all occupations

(B) It leads to certain professions being dominated by one gender, with women often confined to caregiving and service-related jobs

(D) It encourages women to take on leadership roles

(B) It leads to certain professions being dominated by one gender, with women often confined to caregiving and service-related jobs

Explanation: The sexual division of labour contributes to gender-based occupational segregation by confining women to professions like caregiving, teaching, and healthcare, while men dominate fields like technology, engineering, and leadership.

26. How does the sexual division of labour impact men’s participation in domestic chores?

(A) Men are encouraged to take on equal responsibility for household chores and caregiving tasks

(B) Men are discouraged from participating in household chores and caregiving roles, as these are seen as "women’s work"

(D) Men have no role in domestic chores in traditional family setups

(B) Men are discouraged from participating in household chores and caregiving roles, as these are seen as "women’s work"

Explanation: The sexual division of labour discourages men from taking on domestic chores and caregiving roles, as they are traditionally seen as "women's work" within many societies.

27. How does the sexual division of labour contribute to the gender pay gap?

(A) Women are paid equally to men in all professions

(B) The gender pay gap is partly a result of women being funneled into lower-paying, caregiving, and service roles due to gendered expectations

(D) Women dominate high-paying industries

(B) The gender pay gap is partly a result of women being funneled into lower-paying, caregiving, and service roles due to gendered expectations

Explanation: The sexual division of labour channels women into lower-paying industries, such as caregiving and service jobs, reinforcing the gender pay gap by limiting their opportunities in higher-paying professions.

28. Which of the following is an effect of the sexual division of labour on the economic independence of women?

(A) Women are equally economically independent as men

(B) Women often face limitations in economic independence due to being confined to low-paying and part-time roles

(D) The sexual division of labour encourages women to become leaders in business and politics

(B) Women often face limitations in economic independence due to being confined to low-paying and part-time roles

Explanation: The sexual division of labour limits women's economic independence by placing them predominantly in lower-paying, part-time, or caregiving roles, which can restrict their ability to achieve financial autonomy.

29. How does the sexual division of labour impact gender roles in the family?

(A) It encourages equal sharing of all household responsibilities

(B) It reinforces traditional gender roles where men are the primary breadwinners and women are responsible for caregiving and domestic work

(D) It promotes flexibility in family roles, allowing both men and women to share all responsibilities

(B) It reinforces traditional gender roles where men are the primary breadwinners and women are responsible for caregiving and domestic work

Explanation: The sexual division of labour often reinforces traditional gender roles in the family, with men being expected to be the primary earners while women are responsible for domestic chores and caregiving.

30. Which of the following is a consequence of the sexual division of labour for women in rural areas?

(A) Women are given equal access to all career opportunities in rural settings

(B) Women are often confined to agricultural or domestic work, with limited access to economic independence

(D) Women have no involvement in economic activities

(B) Women are often confined to agricultural or domestic work, with limited access to economic independence

Explanation: In rural areas, the sexual division of labour often confines women to agricultural and domestic tasks, which limits their economic independence and opportunities for career advancement.

31. What effect does the sexual division of labour have on men’s involvement in childcare?

(A) Men are expected to take equal responsibility for childcare

(B) Men are discouraged from being involved in childcare due to societal expectations that women are the primary caregivers

(D) Men dominate the role of primary caregivers

(B) Men are discouraged from being involved in childcare due to societal expectations that women are the primary caregivers

Explanation: The sexual division of labour discourages men from taking on childcare responsibilities, as societal expectations often place this duty solely on women, reinforcing gendered caregiving roles.

32. How does the sexual division of labour contribute to the persistence of gender-based violence?

(A) It encourages men and women to share power equally

(B) It perpetuates unequal power dynamics, where women are often expected to be submissive or dependent on men, which can contribute to violence

(D) It has no impact on gender-based violence

(B) It perpetuates unequal power dynamics, where women are often expected to be submissive or dependent on men, which can contribute to violence

Explanation: The sexual division of labour reinforces power imbalances between men and women, where women are often expected to be submissive or dependent on men, contributing to the persistence of gender-based violence.

33. What is one impact of the sexual division of labour on women’s career progression?

(A) Women advance equally in all industries as men

(B) Women often face challenges in advancing to leadership positions due to biases about their caregiving responsibilities

(D) Women dominate leadership roles in most industries

(B) Women often face challenges in advancing to leadership positions due to biases about their caregiving responsibilities

Explanation: The sexual division of labour often causes women to face challenges in career progression, as societal expectations about their caregiving roles make it harder for them to be seen as suitable for leadership positions.

34. Which of the following is an example of how the sexual division of labour affects women's roles in society?

(A) Women are equally represented in all roles, including caregiving, leadership, and the workforce

(B) Women are expected to prioritize domestic duties and caregiving, limiting their participation in public and professional spheres

(D) Women are encouraged to pursue careers in all industries equally with men

(B) Women are expected to prioritize domestic duties and caregiving, limiting their participation in public and professional spheres

Explanation: The sexual division of labour often places the responsibility for domestic work and caregiving on women, limiting their ability to participate fully in public and professional life and reinforcing gender inequality in society.

35. How does the sexual division of labour influence men’s emotional expression?

(A) Men are encouraged to express emotions freely and openly in all situations

(B) Men are expected to suppress emotions and avoid vulnerability, leading to emotional repression

(D) Men have no societal expectations about emotional expression

(B) Men are expected to suppress emotions and avoid vulnerability, leading to emotional repression

Explanation: The sexual division of labour encourages men to conform to traditional masculine roles, which often involve suppressing emotions and avoiding vulnerability, leading to emotional repression and mental health challenges.

36. How does the sexual division of labour influence women's participation in politics?

(A) Women are encouraged to participate equally in politics as men

(B) Gender roles and caregiving expectations limit women’s participation in politics, leading to underrepresentation in political offices

(D) Women face no barriers to participating in politics

(B) Gender roles and caregiving expectations limit women’s participation in politics, leading to underrepresentation in political offices

Explanation: The sexual division of labour places caregiving responsibilities largely on women, which limits their time and energy for political participation, leading to underrepresentation in political offices.

37. How does the sexual division of labour affect the career choices of men?

(A) Men are encouraged to pursue caregiving roles traditionally reserved for women

(B) Men are discouraged from taking up roles in caregiving and service-based industries due to societal expectations

(D) Men are more likely to be employed in traditionally "female" roles

(B) Men are discouraged from taking up roles in caregiving and service-based industries due to societal expectations

Explanation: The sexual division of labour discourages men from entering caregiving and service-based roles, which are often viewed as "women's work," thus limiting their career choices in these areas.

38. What is one of the ways the sexual division of labour limits women's professional advancement?

(A) Women are given equal opportunities for promotion and career growth as men

(B) Women face limitations due to societal expectations that they prioritize family and caregiving responsibilities over career advancement

(D) Women face no limitations in career progression

(B) Women face limitations due to societal expectations that they prioritize family and caregiving responsibilities over career advancement

Explanation: Societal expectations that women should prioritize family and caregiving duties over their careers often create obstacles to their professional advancement, as they may be less likely to take on demanding roles that could conflict with family responsibilities.

39. How does the sexual division of labour affect men’s involvement in household chores?

(A) Men are encouraged to take on an equal share of household chores

(B) Men are discouraged from doing household chores as these are often seen as the woman's responsibility

(D) Men perform no household chores

(B) Men are discouraged from doing household chores as these are often seen as the woman's responsibility

Explanation: The sexual division of labour typically assigns household chores and caregiving to women, discouraging men from participating in these tasks and reinforcing gender-specific roles in the home.

40. How does the sexual division of labour contribute to gender inequality in the workplace?

(A) By ensuring equal representation and pay for men and women in all industries

(B) By segregating men and women into different types of jobs, with men often in higher-paying and leadership roles and women in lower-paying, supportive roles

(D) By eliminating the gender pay gap

(B) By segregating men and women into different types of jobs, with men often in higher-paying and leadership roles and women in lower-paying, supportive roles

Explanation: The sexual division of labour contributes to gender inequality by relegating women to lower-paying, support-based roles, while men are typically placed in higher-paying and leadership positions, thus reinforcing the gender pay gap and occupational segregation.

41. What role does the media play in perpetuating the sexual division of labour?

(A) The media promotes equal representation of men and women in all roles

(B) The media often reinforces traditional gender roles, portraying women as caregivers and men as providers, thereby reinforcing the sexual division of labour

(D) The media has no impact on gender roles in society

(B) The media often reinforces traditional gender roles, portraying women as caregivers and men as providers, thereby reinforcing the sexual division of labour

Explanation: The media plays a significant role in perpetuating the sexual division of labour by reinforcing traditional gender roles, often portraying women in caregiving and domestic roles, while men are depicted as providers or leaders.

42. How does the sexual division of labour impact women’s social mobility?

(A) Women have equal social mobility as men in all areas of society

(B) The sexual division of labour can limit women’s social mobility by restricting them to caregiving roles and industries, which are often underpaid and undervalued

(D) Women experience no limitations in social mobility

(B) The sexual division of labour can limit women’s social mobility by restricting them to caregiving roles and industries, which are often underpaid and undervalued

Explanation: The sexual division of labour often confines women to lower-paying, undervalued roles in caregiving or service industries, which restricts their social mobility and ability to climb the social and economic ladder.

43. What is one way the sexual division of labour can be challenged in modern societies?

(A) By reinforcing traditional gender roles and responsibilities

(B) By promoting policies that support equal sharing of domestic responsibilities between men and women and encourage both genders to pursue careers equally

(D) By limiting men to certain professions

(B) By promoting policies that support equal sharing of domestic responsibilities between men and women and encourage both genders to pursue careers equally

Explanation: Modern societies can challenge the sexual division of labour by promoting policies that encourage both men and women to share domestic responsibilities equally and pursue career opportunities without gender-based limitations.

44. How does the sexual division of labour affect women’s participation in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields?

(A) Women are equally represented in STEM fields

(B) The sexual division of labour discourages women from entering STEM fields, as they are often seen as "male-dominated" and not suitable for women

(D) Women are encouraged to pursue careers in engineering and technology

(B) The sexual division of labour discourages women from entering STEM fields, as they are often seen as "male-dominated" and not suitable for women

Explanation: The sexual division of labour often discourages women from entering male-dominated fields such as STEM due to societal expectations that these fields are more suitable for men, limiting women’s opportunities in these areas.

45. How does the sexual division of labour influence the way work is valued in society?

(A) All work is valued equally, regardless of who performs it

(B) Work performed by women, especially caregiving and domestic tasks, is often undervalued compared to work performed by men

(D) There is no difference in the valuation of work based on gender

(B) Work performed by women, especially caregiving and domestic tasks, is often undervalued compared to work performed by men

Explanation: The sexual division of labour often results in work performed by women, especially caregiving and domestic tasks, being undervalued compared to work performed by men in the public and economic spheres.

46. How does the sexual division of labour impact men’s involvement in caregiving roles?

(A) Men are encouraged to take on equal caregiving roles as women

(B) Men are discouraged from caregiving, as it is often seen as women’s responsibility

(D) Men have no involvement in caregiving roles

(B) Men are discouraged from caregiving, as it is often seen as women’s responsibility

Explanation: The sexual division of labour typically discourages men from participating in caregiving, as these roles are seen as a woman’s responsibility, which limits their involvement in child-rearing and emotional caregiving tasks.

47. What is one impact of the sexual division of labour on women’s career opportunities in leadership?

(A) Women are equally likely to be promoted into leadership roles as men

(B) The sexual division of labour limits women’s opportunities for leadership roles by reinforcing stereotypes about women being better suited to caregiving roles

(D) Women are given more leadership opportunities than men

(B) The sexual division of labour limits women’s opportunities for leadership roles by reinforcing stereotypes about women being better suited to caregiving roles

Explanation: The sexual division of labour often restricts women’s leadership opportunities by reinforcing stereotypes that women are better suited to caregiving and support roles, while men are expected to take on leadership positions.

48. How does the sexual division of labour contribute to the unequal distribution of unpaid work?

(A) Men and women share unpaid work equally

(B) Women tend to do a disproportionate amount of unpaid work, such as housework and childcare, due to gendered expectations

(D) Men perform more unpaid work than women

(B) Women tend to do a disproportionate amount of unpaid work, such as housework and childcare, due to gendered expectations

Explanation: The sexual division of labour contributes to women performing a disproportionate amount of unpaid work, including housework and childcare, because these roles are traditionally assigned to women in most societies.

49. How does the sexual division of labour affect the value of women’s work in caregiving professions?

(A) Women’s work in caregiving is highly valued and well-compensated

(B) Women’s work in caregiving professions is often undervalued and underpaid

(D) Women are encouraged to pursue high-paying caregiving professions

(B) Women’s work in caregiving professions is often undervalued and underpaid

Explanation: The sexual division of labour often results in women’s work in caregiving professions being undervalued and underpaid, as these roles are considered "natural" for women and are seen as less important than male-dominated jobs.

50. What role does education play in challenging the sexual division of labour?

(A) Education reinforces traditional gender roles and stereotypes

(B) Education can challenge gender stereotypes by encouraging both men and women to pursue careers in non-traditional fields

(D) Education has no impact on the sexual division of labour

(B) Education can challenge gender stereotypes by encouraging both men and women to pursue careers in non-traditional fields

Explanation: Education plays a crucial role in challenging the sexual division of labour by encouraging both men and women to pursue careers in fields traditionally dominated by the other gender, such as women in leadership roles and men in caregiving roles.

51. How does the sexual division of labour affect the time available for personal activities for women?

(A) Women have more time for personal activities due to equal distribution of tasks

(B) Women often have less time for personal activities due to the burden of domestic and caregiving responsibilities

(D) Women have no time for personal activities

(B) Women often have less time for personal activities due to the burden of domestic and caregiving responsibilities

Explanation: The sexual division of labour often places the majority of caregiving and domestic responsibilities on women, leaving them with less time for personal activities, leisure, or career development.

52. What is one consequence of the sexual division of labour for men in terms of emotional health?

(A) Men are encouraged to express emotions freely without societal pressure

(B) Men may face emotional stress due to the pressure to conform to traditional masculine roles and suppress vulnerability

(D) Men are more likely to seek emotional support than women

(B) Men may face emotional stress due to the pressure to conform to traditional masculine roles and suppress vulnerability

Explanation: The sexual division of labour often discourages men from expressing vulnerability or seeking emotional support, which can lead to emotional stress, mental health issues, and difficulty managing emotions in the context of gendered expectations.

53. How does the sexual division of labour impact the types of work that men and women are encouraged to pursue?

(A) Men and women are encouraged to pursue any profession of their choice

(B) Men are typically encouraged to pursue careers in leadership, technology, and engineering, while women are often directed toward caregiving, teaching, and healthcare

(D) Men are discouraged from entering leadership roles

(B) Men are typically encouraged to pursue careers in leadership, technology, and engineering, while women are often directed toward caregiving, teaching, and healthcare

Explanation: The sexual division of labour influences career choices by reinforcing the idea that men should pursue leadership, technology, and engineering roles, while women are steered toward caregiving, teaching, and healthcare roles, which are seen as more "appropriate" for women.

54. What is the relationship between the sexual division of labour and gender-based violence?

(A) The sexual division of labour promotes equality between the genders

(B) The sexual division of labour perpetuates unequal power dynamics, which can contribute to gender-based violence

(D) The sexual division of labour has no relationship with gender-based violence

(B) The sexual division of labour perpetuates unequal power dynamics, which can contribute to gender-based violence

Explanation: The sexual division of labour reinforces unequal power dynamics between men and women, with women often expected to be submissive or dependent, which can contribute to gender-based violence and perpetuate harmful power imbalances.

55. How can changing the sexual division of labour improve gender equality?

(A) By reinforcing traditional gender roles and responsibilities

(B) By promoting the equal sharing of both domestic and professional responsibilities between men and women

(D) By encouraging men to remain in the workforce and not participate in caregiving

(B) By promoting the equal sharing of both domestic and professional responsibilities between men and women

Explanation: Changing the sexual division of labour to promote equal sharing of domestic and professional responsibilities between men and women can lead to greater gender equality, as both genders contribute equally in both spheres.

56. How does the sexual division of labour affect women’s access to high-status jobs?

(A) Women have equal access to high-status jobs in all industries

(B) Women face barriers to high-status jobs due to the expectation that they prioritize domestic and caregiving duties

(D) Women are excluded from high-status jobs in all sectors

(B) Women face barriers to high-status jobs due to the expectation that they prioritize domestic and caregiving duties

Explanation: The sexual division of labour creates barriers for women’s access to high-status jobs, as societal expectations often place caregiving and domestic duties on them, limiting their time and opportunities to advance professionally.

57. Which of the following is a common impact of the sexual division of labour on men in modern societies?

(A) Men are encouraged to take on caregiving and domestic roles equally with women

(B) Men face pressure to be the primary breadwinners, which can lead to stress and limit their involvement in family life

(D) Men dominate domestic roles in the family

(B) Men face pressure to be the primary breadwinners, which can lead to stress and limit their involvement in family life

Explanation: The sexual division of labour places pressure on men to be the primary earners, which can cause stress and limit their involvement in family life and caregiving responsibilities, reinforcing traditional gender roles.

58. What is the effect of the sexual division of labour on women’s economic independence?

(A) Women have equal economic independence as men

(B) Women’s economic independence is limited by the sexual division of labour, which often confines them to lower-paying, caregiving roles

(D) Women face no barriers to economic independence

(B) Women’s economic independence is limited by the sexual division of labour, which often confines them to lower-paying, caregiving roles

Explanation: The sexual division of labour limits women’s economic independence by confining them to lower-paying, caregiving roles, which often lack the financial stability or advancement opportunities that men have in other sectors.

59. How does the sexual division of labour contribute to the gender wage gap?

(A) It ensures equal wages for men and women

(B) The sexual division of labour channels women into lower-paying jobs, such as caregiving and domestic work, while men dominate higher-paying roles

(D) Women earn more than men due to the sexual division of labour

(B) The sexual division of labour channels women into lower-paying jobs, such as caregiving and domestic work, while men dominate higher-paying roles

Explanation: The sexual division of labour contributes to the gender wage gap by limiting women’s access to higher-paying industries and roles, often confining them to caregiving and service jobs that are undervalued and underpaid.

60. How does the sexual division of labour affect the way work is distributed in the family?

(A) Both men and women share domestic and caregiving tasks equally

(B) Women are typically assigned the majority of domestic and caregiving responsibilities, while men focus on paid work outside the home

(D) Both men and women contribute equally to paid work and caregiving tasks

(B) Women are typically assigned the majority of domestic and caregiving responsibilities, while men focus on paid work outside the home

Explanation: The sexual division of labour in the family typically assigns women the majority of domestic and caregiving tasks, while men focus on earning a living outside the home, reinforcing traditional gender roles.

61. Which of the following is an example of the sexual division of labour in modern society?

(A) Equal participation of men and women in all job sectors

(B) Women being concentrated in caregiving, healthcare, and education roles, while men dominate in leadership and technical fields

(D) Women being excluded from all professional roles

(B) Women being concentrated in caregiving, healthcare, and education roles, while men dominate in leadership and technical fields

Explanation: The sexual division of labour in modern society often results in women being concentrated in caregiving, healthcare, and education roles, while men dominate leadership, technical, and higher-paying fields.

62. How can government policies challenge the sexual division of labour?

(A) By reinforcing gender-specific roles in the workforce

(B) By promoting equal opportunities for men and women in all sectors and supporting shared responsibilities in caregiving and domestic work

(D) By encouraging women to focus solely on caregiving roles

(B) By promoting equal opportunities for men and women in all sectors and supporting shared responsibilities in caregiving and domestic work

Explanation: Government policies can challenge the sexual division of labour by promoting equal opportunities for men and women in all job sectors and supporting shared caregiving responsibilities, encouraging both genders to equally participate in the workforce and household duties.

63. How does the sexual division of labour influence the representation of women in STEM fields?

(A) Women are equally represented in STEM fields as men

(B) The sexual division of labour discourages women from pursuing careers in STEM, as these fields are traditionally seen as "male-dominated"

(D) Women have the same opportunities as men in all STEM-related careers

(B) The sexual division of labour discourages women from pursuing careers in STEM, as these fields are traditionally seen as "male-dominated"

Explanation: The sexual division of labour discourages women from entering male-dominated fields like STEM, reinforcing stereotypes that women are less capable in technical or scientific careers and limiting their representation in these industries.

64. What impact does the sexual division of labour have on men’s participation in family caregiving roles?

(A) Men are encouraged to take on an equal share of caregiving responsibilities

(B) Men face societal pressure to avoid caregiving roles, as these are considered feminine

(D) Men dominate caregiving roles in families

(B) Men face societal pressure to avoid caregiving roles, as these are considered feminine

Explanation: The sexual division of labour often places pressure on men to avoid caregiving roles, as these tasks are traditionally viewed as the responsibility of women, reinforcing gendered expectations about caregiving.

65. How can the sexual division of labour contribute to social and economic inequality?

(A) By promoting equal sharing of resources and responsibilities

(B) By confining women to lower-paying and lower-status roles, while men dominate higher-paying and higher-status positions

(D) By reducing gender-based wage gaps

(B) By confining women to lower-paying and lower-status roles, while men dominate higher-paying and higher-status positions

Explanation: The sexual division of labour contributes to social and economic inequality by confining women to lower-paying, lower-status roles, while men dominate higher-paying, higher-status positions, leading to unequal distribution of wealth and opportunities.

66. How does the sexual division of labour impact the mental health of women in caregiving roles?

(A) Women in caregiving roles experience less stress and mental health issues

(B) The sexual division of labour places women in caregiving roles that can lead to burnout, stress, and emotional exhaustion due to the overwhelming responsibility

(D) Women in caregiving roles experience no challenges to their mental health

(B) The sexual division of labour places women in caregiving roles that can lead to burnout, stress, and emotional exhaustion due to the overwhelming responsibility

Explanation: The sexual division of labour often places women in caregiving roles, which can lead to mental health challenges such as burnout and emotional exhaustion due to the overwhelming nature of caregiving and domestic duties.

67. How does the sexual division of labour affect the participation of men in domestic tasks?

(A) Men are equally involved in domestic tasks as women

(B) Men are typically discouraged from engaging in domestic tasks due to traditional views that caregiving and housework are "women's work"

(D) Men are expected to focus only on domestic work, while women work outside the home

(B) Men are typically discouraged from engaging in domestic tasks due to traditional views that caregiving and housework are "women's work"

Explanation: The sexual division of labour discourages men from participating in domestic tasks due to societal norms that view caregiving and housework as roles primarily for women, limiting men’s involvement in these activities.

68. What role does the sexual division of labour play in shaping career paths for both men and women?

(A) It encourages men and women to pursue careers in any field without limitations

(B) It limits the career choices of men and women by reinforcing stereotypes about "appropriate" roles for each gender

(D) It promotes the idea that women should lead in all industries

(B) It limits the career choices of men and women by reinforcing stereotypes about "appropriate" roles for each gender

Explanation: The sexual division of labour reinforces gendered stereotypes, limiting the career choices available to men and women by confining them to roles deemed "appropriate" based on their gender (e.g., women in caregiving and men in leadership or technical fields).

69. How can the sexual division of labour affect the overall productivity of a society?

(A) It promotes equal participation of all genders in all sectors, enhancing productivity

(B) It reduces overall productivity by limiting women's participation in higher-status, higher-paying sectors and roles

(D) It increases productivity by focusing women's work in caregiving roles

(B) It reduces overall productivity by limiting women's participation in higher-status, higher-paying sectors and roles

Explanation: The sexual division of labour restricts women’s participation in high-status, high-paying sectors, which limits the overall productivity of society by not fully utilizing the talents and capabilities of half the population.

70. What is the relationship between the sexual division of labour and the concept of "care economy"?

(A) The sexual division of labour has no relation to the care economy

(B) The sexual division of labour leads to the undervaluation of caregiving work, which is often seen as women’s responsibility, forming the basis of the care economy

(D) The sexual division of labour promotes men’s involvement in the care economy

(B) The sexual division of labour leads to the undervaluation of caregiving work, which is often seen as women’s responsibility, forming the basis of the care economy

Explanation: The sexual division of labour reinforces the undervaluation of caregiving work, which is largely assigned to women, and this creates the "care economy" where such work is crucial yet often underpaid and underappreciated in society.

71. How does the sexual division of labour impact the representation of women in leadership roles?

(A) Women are equally represented in leadership roles across all sectors

(B) The sexual division of labour reinforces gender norms that hinder women’s access to leadership roles, with caregiving and domestic duties limiting their career advancement

(D) The sexual division of labour has no impact on leadership roles

(B) The sexual division of labour reinforces gender norms that hinder women’s access to leadership roles, with caregiving and domestic duties limiting their career advancement

Explanation: The sexual division of labour limits women’s access to leadership roles by reinforcing the idea that women’s primary responsibilities are caregiving and domestic tasks, which restrict their ability to pursue or advance in leadership positions.

72. How does the sexual division of labour affect the work-life balance of women?

(A) Women have a more balanced work-life experience compared to men

(B) The sexual division of labour often places an unequal burden on women, leading to challenges in achieving a balanced work-life dynamic, as they handle both professional and domestic duties

(D) Women are encouraged to focus solely on work and ignore domestic responsibilities

(B) The sexual division of labour often places an unequal burden on women, leading to challenges in achieving a balanced work-life dynamic, as they handle both professional and domestic duties

Explanation: The sexual division of labour often places a disproportionate burden on women by requiring them to manage both professional work and domestic responsibilities, making it harder to achieve a healthy work-life balance.

73. How does the sexual division of labour contribute to the underrepresentation of women in high-paying professions?

(A) It encourages women to enter high-paying professions

(B) The sexual division of labour directs women toward lower-paying, caregiving and support roles, limiting their representation in high-paying industries like technology and finance

(D) Women are equally represented in all job sectors

(B) The sexual division of labour directs women toward lower-paying, caregiving and support roles, limiting their representation in high-paying industries like technology and finance

Explanation: The sexual division of labour limits women’s participation in high-paying professions by encouraging them to focus on caregiving, teaching, or administrative roles, which are traditionally seen as "female" jobs and tend to be lower-paying than male-dominated industries like technology and finance.

74. How does the sexual division of labour affect the distribution of household chores between men and women?

(A) Men and women equally share all household chores

(B) Women are typically responsible for the majority of household chores, including cleaning, cooking, and childcare

(D) There is no division of household chores between men and women

(B) Women are typically responsible for the majority of household chores, including cleaning, cooking, and childcare

Explanation: The sexual division of labour often results in women taking on the majority of household chores, including cooking, cleaning, and childcare, while men focus on work outside the home, reinforcing gender roles in domestic life.

75. How does the sexual division of labour influence the roles of women in public life?

(A) Women are encouraged to take on equal roles in politics, leadership, and the workforce

(B) The sexual division of labour limits women's participation in public life, as they are expected to prioritize domestic responsibilities over professional or political roles

(D) The sexual division of labour has no impact on women’s public roles

(B) The sexual division of labour limits women's participation in public life, as they are expected to prioritize domestic responsibilities over professional or political roles

Explanation: The sexual division of labour limits women’s participation in public life by reinforcing the expectation that they prioritize domestic responsibilities, which can hinder their ability to participate fully in professional, political, or leadership roles.

76. How does the sexual division of labour affect the career advancement of women in male-dominated industries?

(A) Women face fewer challenges and are more likely to advance in male-dominated industries

(B) Women are often overlooked for leadership positions and face barriers to career advancement due to gendered expectations and stereotypes

(D) Women are encouraged to lead and advance in male-dominated industries

(B) Women are often overlooked for leadership positions and face barriers to career advancement due to gendered expectations and stereotypes

Explanation: In male-dominated industries, the sexual division of labour often leads to women being overlooked for leadership positions and facing barriers to career advancement due to gendered expectations and stereotypes that men are more suited for these roles.

77. How does the sexual division of labour contribute to the "glass ceiling" phenomenon?

(A) It provides equal opportunities for career growth and leadership roles for both men and women

(B) It limits women’s career growth by reinforcing stereotypes that women are not suited for top leadership roles, resulting in the "glass ceiling"

(D) It eliminates barriers to women’s advancement in all industries

(B) It limits women’s career growth by reinforcing stereotypes that women are not suited for top leadership roles, resulting in the "glass ceiling"

Explanation: The sexual division of labour reinforces gendered stereotypes that limit women’s access to leadership roles, leading to the "glass ceiling," where women can advance only so far before encountering invisible barriers to higher positions.

78. How does the sexual division of labour affect the economic roles of men and women in society?

(A) It promotes equal participation of men and women in all economic activities

(B) It places men primarily in the public and economic spheres while confining women to domestic and caregiving roles

(D) It discourages men from participating in paid work

(B) It places men primarily in the public and economic spheres while confining women to domestic and caregiving roles

Explanation: The sexual division of labour typically places men in the public and economic spheres while confining women to domestic and caregiving roles, limiting women’s access to paid work and reinforcing gendered economic roles.

79. How does the sexual division of labour influence the perception of women’s work in caregiving professions?

(A) Women’s work in caregiving professions is highly valued and well compensated

(B) Women’s work in caregiving professions is often undervalued and underpaid, as it is seen as a natural extension of women’s gender roles

(D) Women dominate caregiving professions, and they are compensated more than men in these fields

(B) Women’s work in caregiving professions is often undervalued and underpaid, as it is seen as a natural extension of women’s gender roles

Explanation: Women’s work in caregiving professions, such as nursing and teaching, is often undervalued and underpaid due to the sexual division of labour, which sees these roles as an extension of women’s natural responsibilities, rather than important, high-value work.

80. How does the sexual division of labour impact the participation of women in high-status professions such as law, medicine, and business?

(A) Women are equally represented in high-status professions

(B) The sexual division of labour limits women’s participation in high-status professions by reinforcing gender stereotypes that these fields are "male-dominated"

(D) The sexual division of labour has no impact on women’s participation in high-status professions

(B) The sexual division of labour limits women’s participation in high-status professions by reinforcing gender stereotypes that these fields are "male-dominated"

Explanation: The sexual division of labour often discourages women from pursuing high-status professions, such as law, medicine, and business, by reinforcing stereotypes that these fields are "male-dominated" and better suited for men.

81. How does the sexual division of labour affect the division of paid and unpaid work between men and women?

(A) It ensures equal distribution of both paid and unpaid work between men and women

(B) It assigns men primarily to paid work and women to unpaid, caregiving work, leading to an unequal division of responsibilities

(D) It encourages women to focus solely on paid work

(B) It assigns men primarily to paid work and women to unpaid, caregiving work, leading to an unequal division of responsibilities

Explanation: The sexual division of labour often results in men focusing on paid work, while women are assigned unpaid, caregiving responsibilities, leading to an unequal division of work and reinforcing gendered expectations.

82. How can the sexual division of labour contribute to the perpetuation of gender stereotypes?

(A) By encouraging both men and women to take on equal and non-traditional roles

(B) By reinforcing traditional roles, such as women being caregivers and men being providers, which limit both genders’ opportunities

(D) By encouraging men and women to take on any profession they choose, regardless of gender

(B) By reinforcing traditional roles, such as women being caregivers and men being providers, which limit both genders’ opportunities

Explanation: The sexual division of labour perpetuates gender stereotypes by reinforcing traditional roles where women are seen as caregivers and men as providers, limiting both genders' opportunities to explore roles beyond these expectations.

83. How does the sexual division of labour influence women’s financial independence?

(A) Women are equally financially independent as men

(B) Women’s financial independence is often limited due to the sexual division of labour, which confines them to unpaid domestic work or low-paying jobs

(D) Women face no barriers to financial independence

(B) Women’s financial independence is often limited due to the sexual division of labour, which confines them to unpaid domestic work or low-paying jobs

Explanation: The sexual division of labour limits women’s financial independence by placing them primarily in unpaid domestic roles or low-paying jobs, restricting their ability to achieve financial autonomy and stability.

84. How does the sexual division of labour affect men’s emotional health?

(A) Men are encouraged to express their emotions and seek support

(B) Men may face emotional stress due to societal expectations that they suppress their emotions and adhere to traditional gender norms

(D) Men are encouraged to express vulnerability openly

(B) Men may face emotional stress due to societal expectations that they suppress their emotions and adhere to traditional gender norms

Explanation: The sexual division of labour encourages men to suppress emotions and conform to traditional norms of masculinity, which can lead to emotional stress, mental health issues, and difficulty expressing vulnerability.

85. What role do gender-neutral policies in the workplace play in addressing the sexual division of labour?

(A) They reinforce traditional gender roles

(B) They ensure equal opportunities for both men and women, encouraging the sharing of caregiving and work responsibilities

(D) They limit women’s participation in the workforce

(B) They ensure equal opportunities for both men and women, encouraging the sharing of caregiving and work responsibilities

Explanation: Gender-neutral policies in the workplace help address the sexual division of labour by ensuring equal opportunities for both men and women and encouraging shared responsibility in caregiving and work roles.

86. How does the sexual division of labour affect the perception of women’s work in the economy?

(A) Women’s work is equally valued and compensated as men’s work

(B) Women’s work, especially in caregiving and service roles, is often undervalued and underpaid compared to men’s work in technical or leadership positions

(D) Women’s work is valued equally across all sectors

(B) Women’s work, especially in caregiving and service roles, is often undervalued and underpaid compared to men’s work in technical or leadership positions

Explanation: Due to the sexual division of labour, women’s work in caregiving and service sectors is often undervalued and underpaid compared to men’s roles in technical or leadership positions, despite the essential nature of the work women perform.

87. How does the sexual division of labour affect women’s representation in politics?

(A) Women are equally represented in politics

(B) Women are underrepresented in politics due to the expectation that they should prioritize caregiving and family duties, which limits their political participation

(D) The sexual division of labour has no effect on women’s political representation

(B) Women are underrepresented in politics due to the expectation that they should prioritize caregiving and family duties, which limits their political participation

Explanation: The sexual division of labour often places the primary responsibility for caregiving and family duties on women, which limits their time and opportunities to participate in politics, contributing to their underrepresentation in political offices.

88. What is one impact of the sexual division of labour on men in family life?

(A) Men are encouraged to take on equal responsibility for caregiving and domestic tasks

(B) Men are expected to be the primary breadwinners, which limits their involvement in caregiving and family life

(D) Men are solely responsible for childcare and caregiving tasks

(B) Men are expected to be the primary breadwinners, which limits their involvement in caregiving and family life

Explanation: The sexual division of labour often limits men’s involvement in caregiving and family life by reinforcing the expectation that men should be the primary breadwinners, which leaves women to take on the majority of domestic and caregiving duties.

89. How does the sexual division of labour affect men’s emotional well-being?

(A) Men are encouraged to express their emotions freely and seek emotional support

(B) Men are often discouraged from expressing emotions and are expected to conform to traditional masculine norms, which can contribute to emotional stress and mental health issues

(D) Men are more likely to seek emotional support than women

(B) Men are often discouraged from expressing emotions and are expected to conform to traditional masculine norms, which can contribute to emotional stress and mental health issues

Explanation: The sexual division of labour enforces traditional masculine norms, discouraging men from expressing vulnerability or seeking emotional support, which can lead to emotional stress and mental health challenges.

90. What role do public policies play in challenging the sexual division of labour?

(A) Public policies reinforce traditional gender roles by limiting women’s participation in the workforce

(B) Public policies that promote paid family leave, affordable childcare, and equal pay help challenge the sexual division of labour by encouraging shared caregiving responsibilities and equal access to work

(D) Public policies limit the participation of women in leadership positions

Explanation: Public policies that promote paid family leave, affordable childcare, and equal pay challenge the sexual division of labour by enabling both men and women to share caregiving responsibilities and ensuring equal access to work opportunities.

91. How does the sexual division of labour contribute to occupational segregation?

(A) It leads to equal representation of men and women in all occupations

(B) It contributes to occupational segregation by directing men and women into different types of jobs based on gendered expectations

(D) It encourages men and women to pursue careers in any profession

(B) It contributes to occupational segregation by directing men and women into different types of jobs based on gendered expectations

Explanation: The sexual division of labour contributes to occupational segregation by encouraging men and women to pursue different types of jobs based on gendered expectations, with women often being directed to caregiving and service roles, while men dominate leadership, technical, and industrial roles.

92. How does the sexual division of labour affect the development of social skills in children?

(A) It promotes the equal development of social skills in both boys and girls

(B) Children learn gender-specific social roles, with boys being encouraged to focus on leadership and girls on caregiving, which can limit their social development

(D) It encourages children to avoid gendered expectations and develop equal skills

(B) Children learn gender-specific social roles, with boys being encouraged to focus on leadership and girls on caregiving, which can limit their social development

Explanation: The sexual division of labour reinforces gender-specific social roles, where boys are encouraged to develop leadership and independence skills, while girls are taught caregiving and nurturing, which can limit their overall social and professional development.

93. How does the sexual division of labour impact women’s participation in sports?

(A) Women are equally encouraged to participate in all sports as men

(B) The sexual division of labour discourages women from participating in sports, particularly those seen as "masculine" or competitive

(D) Women face no barriers to participation in sports

(B) The sexual division of labour discourages women from participating in sports, particularly those seen as "masculine" or competitive

Explanation: The sexual division of labour often discourages women from participating in competitive or "masculine" sports, reinforcing the stereotype that women are less capable of excelling in athletic activities, particularly those requiring physical strength.

94. How does the sexual division of labour affect the way time is allocated between work and family life?

(A) Both men and women allocate equal time to work and family responsibilities

(B) The sexual division of labour often results in women spending more time on domestic and caregiving responsibilities, while men spend more time in the workforce

(D) There is no division of time between work and family life

(B) The sexual division of labour often results in women spending more time on domestic and caregiving responsibilities, while men spend more time in the workforce

Explanation: The sexual division of labour often results in women dedicating more time to domestic and caregiving responsibilities, while men typically focus more on their careers, leading to an unequal distribution of time between work and family life.

95. How does the sexual division of labour impact the distribution of power within households?

(A) It ensures equal distribution of power between men and women in the household

(B) It often reinforces power imbalances, with men holding more decision-making power while women are assigned caregiving and supportive roles

(D) It encourages men and women to make decisions together equally in all matters

(B) It often reinforces power imbalances, with men holding more decision-making power while women are assigned caregiving and supportive roles

Explanation: The sexual division of labour often reinforces power imbalances in the household, with men typically holding more decision-making power, while women are assigned caregiving and supportive roles, limiting their influence in family matters.

96. How does the sexual division of labour influence the educational choices of boys and girls?

(A) It encourages both boys and girls to pursue any educational path they choose

(B) It reinforces gendered educational choices, with boys encouraged to pursue STEM fields and girls directed toward caregiving or humanities

(D) It encourages girls to dominate in technical and scientific fields

(B) It reinforces gendered educational choices, with boys encouraged to pursue STEM fields and girls directed toward caregiving or humanities

Explanation: The sexual division of labour influences educational choices by reinforcing gendered expectations, encouraging boys to pursue STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) fields while directing girls towards caregiving, humanities, or arts-based subjects.

97. What is one of the main societal consequences of the sexual division of labour?

(A) Equal distribution of resources and opportunities for all genders

(B) Economic inequality, as women are often confined to lower-paying, lower-status roles while men dominate higher-paying, higher-status jobs

(D) Women dominate leadership and professional roles in all fields

(B) Economic inequality, as women are often confined to lower-paying, lower-status roles while men dominate higher-paying, higher-status jobs

Explanation: The sexual division of labour contributes to economic inequality by restricting women to lower-paying, lower-status jobs and limiting their opportunities in higher-paying, higher-status positions traditionally occupied by men.

98. How does the sexual division of labour impact the ability of women to pursue careers in leadership?

(A) Women are equally encouraged to pursue leadership roles as men

(B) Women often face barriers to leadership roles due to stereotypes that associate leadership with men and caregiving with women

(D) Women face no barriers to leadership roles

(B) Women often face barriers to leadership roles due to stereotypes that associate leadership with men and caregiving with women

Explanation: The sexual division of labour often reinforces stereotypes that associate leadership and decision-making with men, while women are expected to focus on caregiving and supportive roles, creating barriers for women to pursue and attain leadership positions.

99. How can the sexual division of labour contribute to the "gendered wage gap"?

(A) It ensures equal pay for men and women

(B) By directing women into lower-paying, caregiving and support roles while men dominate higher-paying, technical and leadership roles, it reinforces the gendered wage gap

(D) It eliminates the wage gap between genders

(B) By directing women into lower-paying, caregiving and support roles while men dominate higher-paying, technical and leadership roles, it reinforces the gendered wage gap

Explanation: The sexual division of labour contributes to the gendered wage gap by channeling women into lower-paying, caregiving and service roles, while men are more likely to occupy higher-paying, leadership, and technical positions, reinforcing income inequality between the genders.

100. How does the sexual division of labour influence the allocation of time for men and women in household activities?

(A) Men and women share equal time for household responsibilities

(B) Women tend to spend more time on household activities such as cleaning, cooking, and caregiving, while men focus on paid work

(D) There is no division of time between work and household responsibilities

(B) Women tend to spend more time on household activities such as cleaning, cooking, and caregiving, while men focus on paid work

Explanation: The sexual division of labour assigns women the majority of household responsibilities, such as cooking, cleaning, and caregiving, while men focus primarily on paid work outside the home, leading to unequal time allocation between work and domestic duties.

Sexual Division of Labour

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