Conflict Perspective: L. A. Coser

Model MCQ's Sociological Theories

1. According to L.A. Coser, the "functions of social conflict" include:

(A) Promoting social unity

(B) Reinforcing social norms

(D) Providing a mechanism for social change

Explanation: Coser argued that social conflict, rather than being purely destructive, can function as a mechanism for social change by challenging existing norms and systems, leading to adaptation and growth.

2. Coser's concept of "structural conflict" refers to:

(A) Conflict between individuals

(B) Conflict arising from the structure of society, such as power disparities

(D) Unresolved personal conflicts

(B) Conflict arising from the structure of society, such as power disparities

Explanation: Coser’s structural conflict theory suggests that conflict often arises from the inherent inequalities and power imbalances within society's structure, rather than solely from personal differences.

3. According to Coser, conflict is a necessary part of:

(A) Social stagnation

(B) Maintaining social equilibrium

(D) Economic development

Explanation: Coser believed that social conflict is an important mechanism in maintaining social integration, as it clarifies boundaries and norms within groups and society.

4. According to Coser, social conflict helps in:

(A) Strengthening group unity by creating common enemies

(B) Encouraging uniformity across all groups

(D) Isolating and marginalizing conflict-prone individuals

(A) Strengthening group unity by creating common enemies

Explanation: Coser argued that conflict within a society can strengthen group cohesion by defining common enemies and uniting people against them, thereby solidifying group identity.

5. Coser’s theory of conflict also focuses on the difference between "latent" and "manifest" conflict. Latent conflict refers to:

(A) Overt, visible conflict

(B) Hidden or underlying tensions that have not yet been expressed

(D) The social reaction to violence

(B) Hidden or underlying tensions that have not yet been expressed

Explanation: Latent conflict refers to the underlying tensions within a society or group that have not yet erupted into open conflict but are simmering beneath the surface.

6. In Coser's analysis, manifest conflict is:

(A) Unseen and unresolved

(B) Expressed openly and visible in society

(D) A form of non-confrontational dispute

(B) Expressed openly and visible in society

Explanation: Manifest conflict is visible, open conflict that occurs when latent tensions come to the surface and are expressed publicly or within groups.

7. According to Coser, social conflict can help society by:

(A) Weakening the power of institutions

(B) Creating long-lasting divisions within society

(D) Promoting the integration of social groups

Explanation: Coser saw conflict as a process that can lead to the integration of social groups by allowing them to clarify their interests, build solidarity, and refine their norms.

8. Coser's conflict theory highlights that social conflicts may lead to:

(A) Social isolation and fragmentation

(B) Increased social integration and collective action

(D) A complete breakdown of societal structures

(B) Increased social integration and collective action

Explanation: Coser emphasized that social conflict could lead to increased integration as groups negotiate and redefine their boundaries and values through conflict.

9. In Coser’s theory, the term "conflict as a social function" means that:

(A) Conflict is always detrimental to society

(B) Conflict is necessary for social change and progress

(D) Conflict is caused by external, uncontrollable factors

(B) Conflict is necessary for social change and progress

Explanation: Coser believed that conflict serves a social function by providing opportunities for social change and progress, facilitating the reorganization of norms and roles within society.

10. According to Coser, social conflict is essential for the development of:

(A) Social norms that are rigid and unchanging

(B) Social structures that promote inequality

(D) Power hierarchies that are unchallenged

Explanation: Coser argued that conflict could strengthen group solidarity and cohesion, as it forces groups to reevaluate their values and adjust their roles within society.

11. According to Coser, "functions of social conflict" include:

(A) Promoting social unity

(B) Reinforcing social norms

(D) Providing a mechanism for social change

12. Coser's concept of "structural conflict" refers to:

(A) Conflict between individuals

(B) Conflict arising from the structure of society, such as power disparities

(D) Unresolved personal conflicts

(B) Conflict arising from the structure of society, such as power disparities

13. According to Coser, conflict is a necessary part of:

(A) Social stagnation

(B) Maintaining social equilibrium

(D) Economic development

Explanation: Coser believed that social conflict is an important mechanism in maintaining social integration, as it clarifies boundaries and norms within groups and society.

14. According to Coser, social conflict helps in:

(A) Strengthening group unity by creating common enemies

(B) Encouraging uniformity across all groups

(D) Isolating and marginalizing conflict-prone individuals

(A) Strengthening group unity by creating common enemies

Explanation: Coser argued that conflict within a society can strengthen group cohesion by defining common enemies and uniting people against them, thereby solidifying group identity.

15. Coser’s theory of conflict also focuses on the difference between "latent" and "manifest" conflict. Latent conflict refers to:

(A) Overt, visible conflict

(B) Hidden or underlying tensions that have not yet been expressed

(D) The social reaction to violence

(B) Hidden or underlying tensions that have not yet been expressed

Explanation: Latent conflict refers to the underlying tensions within a society or group that have not yet erupted into open conflict but are simmering beneath the surface.

16. In Coser's analysis, manifest conflict is:

(A) Unseen and unresolved

(B) Expressed openly and visible in society

(D) A form of non-confrontational dispute

(B) Expressed openly and visible in society

Explanation: Manifest conflict is visible, open conflict that occurs when latent tensions come to the surface and are expressed publicly or within groups.

17. According to Coser, social conflict can help society by:

(A) Weakening the power of institutions

(B) Creating long-lasting divisions within society

(D) Promoting the integration of social groups

Explanation: Coser saw conflict as a process that can lead to the integration of social groups by allowing them to clarify their interests, build solidarity, and refine their norms.

18. Coser's conflict theory highlights that social conflicts may lead to:

(A) Social isolation and fragmentation

(B) Increased social integration and collective action

(D) A complete breakdown of societal structures

(B) Increased social integration and collective action

Explanation: Coser emphasized that social conflict could lead to increased integration as groups negotiate and redefine their boundaries and values through conflict.

19. In Coser’s theory, the term "conflict as a social function" means that:

(A) Conflict is always detrimental to society

(B) Conflict is necessary for social change and progress

(D) Conflict is caused by external, uncontrollable factors

(B) Conflict is necessary for social change and progress

Explanation: Coser believed that conflict serves a social function by providing opportunities for social change and progress, facilitating the reorganization of norms and roles within society.

20. According to Coser, social conflict is essential for the development of:

(A) Social norms that are rigid and unchanging

(B) Social structures that promote inequality

(D) Power hierarchies that are unchallenged

Explanation: Coser argued that conflict could strengthen group solidarity and cohesion, as it forces groups to reevaluate their values and adjust their roles within society.

21. Coser argued that conflict can help to:

(A) Increase societal division and tension

(B) Reinforce existing social hierarchies

(D) Lead to complete disintegration of the social system

Explanation: Coser believed that conflict can strengthen social cohesion by creating opportunities for collective action, allowing groups to unite in response to shared challenges.

22. According to Coser, the latency of conflict refers to:

(A) The immediate, visible conflicts that arise in society

(B) The underlying, unexpressed tensions that may eventually erupt into manifest conflict

(D) The quick resolution of societal conflicts

(B) The underlying, unexpressed tensions that may eventually erupt into manifest conflict

Explanation: Latency refers to hidden or unexpressed tensions that exist within society or groups, which may eventually become visible and lead to manifest conflict.

23. Coser’s concept of conflict functions includes:

(A) The way conflict prevents societal change

(B) How conflict can maintain social stability by reinforcing social boundaries

(D) The elimination of power disparities in society

(B) How conflict can maintain social stability by reinforcing social boundaries

Explanation: Coser argued that conflict can play a functional role by clarifying and reinforcing social boundaries, thereby promoting stability within the social system.

24. According to Coser, manifest conflict can be a sign that:

(A) A social system is functioning harmoniously

(B) Social norms and values are being questioned or redefined

(D) Social integration is increasing

(B) Social norms and values are being questioned or redefined

Explanation: Manifest conflict often signals that existing norms and values are being contested, leading to a redefinition of societal expectations and roles.

25. Coser’s theory suggests that when conflict is suppressed:

(A) Social integration becomes stronger

(B) Social systems may become less stable in the long run

(D) Social groups grow more homogeneous

(B) Social systems may become less stable in the long run

Explanation: Coser argued that suppressing conflict can lead to unresolved tensions, making social systems less stable and potentially leading to larger disruptions later.

26. Coser believed that social conflict helps create:

(A) Social conformity

(B) Cultural uniformity

(D) Permanent societal breakdown

Explanation: Coser viewed conflict as a driving force behind social change, encouraging adaptation and the reevaluation of norms and values within society.

27. Coser argued that conflict is particularly beneficial for:

(A) Maintaining the status quo and social harmony

(B) Promoting social cohesion through shared struggle

(D) Eliminating social roles

(B) Promoting social cohesion through shared struggle

Explanation: Coser believed that conflict, when managed properly, can foster social cohesion by uniting groups in shared struggles, which strengthens solidarity and mutual understanding.

28. Coser’s theory of conflict emphasizes that:

(A) Conflict is inherently negative and destructive for society

(B) Conflict provides opportunities for the reorganization of social systems

(D) Conflict only arises in dysfunctional societies

(B) Conflict provides opportunities for the reorganization of social systems

Explanation: Coser argued that conflict is not inherently destructive; instead, it provides opportunities for societal growth and adaptation by prompting the reorganization of social systems.

29. According to Coser, conflict functions help to:

(A) Maintain the status quo and prevent social change

(B) Reinforce social roles and hierarchies

(D) Encourage individual autonomy over social norms

Explanation: Coser believed that conflict serves a social function by clarifying social relationships and reinforcing boundaries, making it easier for society to adjust to changing conditions.

30. Coser’s conflict theory differs from Marxist conflict theory in that:

(A) It sees conflict as always harmful and disruptive

(B) It focuses on the functional aspects of conflict

(D) It views conflict as always destructive

(B) It focuses on the functional aspects of conflict

Explanation: Unlike Marxist theory, which focuses on the negative aspects of class-based conflict, Coser emphasized the functional aspects of conflict, such as how it can help maintain social stability and drive social change.

31. According to Coser, social conflict:

(A) Is always detrimental to social order

(B) Can serve to strengthen social cohesion

(D) Leads to the complete breakdown of social institutions

(B) Can serve to strengthen social cohesion

Explanation: Coser argued that conflict can play a positive role by strengthening social cohesion, as it encourages groups to clarify their values, norms, and boundaries.

32. According to Coser, latent conflict within a society is:

(A) A result of external threats to society

(B) Visible and openly expressed

(D) Only present in highly fragmented societies

Explanation: Coser believed latent conflict refers to underlying tensions that exist in society but are not yet openly expressed, though they have the potential to emerge into manifest conflict.

33. Coser's theory suggests that social conflict is functional because it:

(A) Always weakens societal bonds

(B) Leads to the collapse of the social system

(D) Prevents new ideas from emerging in society

Explanation: Coser argued that conflict has a functional role in society by prompting social change and adaptation, allowing for the evolution of norms and systems that better meet the needs of society.

34. According to Coser, conflict is a means of reinforcing social norms because:

(A) It creates new social roles

(B) It leads to the clarification of boundaries and expectations

(D) It causes individuals to reject all societal expectations

(B) It leads to the clarification of boundaries and expectations

Explanation: Coser believed that conflict clarifies social roles, boundaries, and expectations, reinforcing norms and helping society adapt to new circumstances while maintaining order.

35. Coser argued that conflict can play a constructive role in society by:

(A) Strengthening the power of the ruling class

(B) Reaffirming existing social roles without change

(D) Isolating individuals and groups from one another

Explanation: Coser believed that conflict could play a constructive role by helping society adapt, change, and restructure its social systems, norms, and values to meet new challenges.

36. In Coser's view, conflict helps to prevent stagnation in society because:

(A) It ensures that no group challenges the existing norms

(B) It allows for the renewal and redefinition of societal values

(D) It disrupts the growth of new ideas

(B) It allows for the renewal and redefinition of societal values

Explanation: Coser saw conflict as preventing stagnation by enabling the renewal and redefinition of societal values, ensuring that social systems continue to adapt to changing conditions.

37. Coser believed that conflict can act as a social function by:

(A) Causing permanent divisions within society

(B) Preventing social mobility

(D) Isolating social groups

Explanation: Coser believed that conflict can help promote the integration of different groups in society by forcing them to address differences and work together to resolve underlying tensions.

38. Coser argued that conflict is particularly important in:

(A) Maintaining a fixed social order

(B) Reinforcing the status quo

(D) Ensuring that social roles remain unchanged

Explanation: Coser viewed conflict as a key driver of social change, allowing for innovation, the reorganization of social systems, and the creation of new norms and roles.

39. Coser’s theory suggests that conflict within social systems:

(A) Always leads to the breakdown of social order

(B) Serves to clarify roles, norms, and boundaries within society

(D) Reduces social integration by fostering division

(B) Serves to clarify roles, norms, and boundaries within society

Explanation: Coser believed that conflict clarifies roles, norms, and boundaries within society, helping to reinforce societal structures and ensuring stability through mutual understanding.

40. Coser’s theory suggests that social systems can benefit from conflict because it:

(A) Leads to complete instability and disorder

(B) Forces groups to cooperate and refine their roles

(D) Discourages social integration

(B) Forces groups to cooperate and refine their roles

Explanation: Coser argued that conflict can compel groups to reassess and refine their roles, relationships, and expectations, ultimately leading to stronger cooperation and societal cohesion.

41. Coser’s theory emphasizes that conflict can lead to:

(A) A complete disintegration of social roles

(B) A more rigid and unchanging social system

(D) A decrease in social cohesion

Explanation: Coser believed that conflict could lead to the adaptation and reorganization of social systems, allowing society to better meet changing conditions and demands.

42. According to Coser, social conflict is especially valuable in:

(A) Strengthening social isolation

(B) Promoting a uniform culture across all groups

(D) Ensuring that all groups maintain the same level of influence

Explanation: Coser emphasized that conflict plays an important role in addressing and redefining the power dynamics between groups, allowing for the negotiation of power and influence within society.

43. Coser argued that conflict within a society can:

(A) Eliminate societal norms and values

(B) Foster greater social integration and cooperation

(D) Lead to the rise of authoritarian control

(B) Foster greater social integration and cooperation

Explanation: Coser believed that conflict can lead to social integration and cooperation by forcing groups to negotiate and clarify their boundaries, roles, and values.

44. In Coser's theory, conflict plays a role in:

(A) Creating permanent social divisions

(B) Reinforcing the status quo

(D) Reducing the need for social institutions

Explanation: Coser viewed conflict as a mechanism that can lead to the formation of new alliances and the reorganization of social arrangements, allowing society to evolve in response to new challenges.

45. Coser’s theory suggests that social conflict can help:

(A) Maintain societal norms without any change

(B) Unify social groups by eliminating their differences

(D) Destroy the need for social roles

Explanation: Coser believed that social conflict is essential for challenging and reconfiguring societal norms and values, encouraging adaptation and the refinement of social roles and expectations.

46. Coser’s conflict theory suggests that conflict within social systems:

(A) Should be avoided at all costs

(B) Leads to societal decay and dysfunction

(D) Has no significant impact on the social system

Explanation: Coser argued that conflict could lead to the renewal and transformation of social systems by providing opportunities for reorganization and adaptation in response to new conditions.

47. In Coser’s view, social conflict can lead to:

(A) The breakdown of individual identities

(B) The formation of stronger social roles and norms

(D) The removal of all social inequalities

(B) The formation of stronger social roles and norms

Explanation: Coser believed that conflict helps to strengthen social roles and norms by testing and reasserting them, clarifying boundaries, and enabling the adaptation of social systems to new challenges.

48. According to Coser, when latent conflict becomes manifest, it:

(A) Causes the immediate collapse of society

(B) Forces groups to confront their differences and find resolutions

(D) Disrupts social roles and norms completely

(B) Forces groups to confront their differences and find resolutions

Explanation: Coser argued that when latent conflict becomes manifest, it forces groups to confront their differences, which can lead to resolution, adaptation, and the evolution of social roles and norms.

49. According to Coser, the existence of social conflict within a society is:

(A) Always harmful and destructive

(B) A sign of societal dysfunction and failure

(D) A barrier to social change and progress

Explanation: Coser viewed social conflict as an indicator that society needs to renew itself, as it presents an opportunity for societal adaptation and the restructuring of existing norms and roles.

50. Coser’s work on conflict theory emphasizes that conflict within a social system:

(A) Always results in societal breakdown

(B) Is detrimental to the overall functioning of society

(D) Reduces the need for cooperation between social groups

Explanation: Coser argued that conflict, when managed effectively, can lead to societal stability and integration by forcing groups to reevaluate and strengthen their relationships, values, and roles within society.

51. According to Coser, social conflict can function as:

(A) A mechanism for societal adaptation

(B) A tool for reinforcing societal inequalities

(D) A temporary phase that society must avoid

(A) A mechanism for societal adaptation

Explanation: Coser believed that conflict can be a functional mechanism for societal adaptation by forcing groups to reassess and adjust to changing social conditions.

52. According to Coser, conflict can clarify social roles because:

(A) It forces groups to eliminate outdated roles

(B) It challenges existing norms and roles, allowing society to redefine them

(D) It isolates groups from one another

(B) It challenges existing norms and roles, allowing society to redefine them

Explanation: Coser argued that conflict can challenge existing norms and roles, leading to a redefinition of societal expectations and helping to clarify and adapt social roles in response to new conditions.

53. In Coser's theory, latent conflict is often seen as:

(A) Completely destructive and unresolvable

(B) A source of long-term stability and order

(D) A conflict caused by external, uncontrollable forces

Explanation: Coser viewed latent conflict as the underlying tensions that, if unresolved, can eventually surface and turn into manifest conflict, which is visible and open.

54. Coser believed that conflict resolution can contribute to:

(A) The isolation of conflicting parties

(B) The redistribution of power and resources within society

(D) The suppression of social changes

(B) The redistribution of power and resources within society

Explanation: Coser argued that resolving conflicts often leads to a redistribution of power and resources, which can help correct imbalances and promote more equitable social relations.

55. In Coser's conflict theory, manifest conflict is often the result of:

(A) Personal misunderstandings

(B) Long-standing hidden tensions within society

(D) Complete rejection of social norms

(B) Long-standing hidden tensions within society

Explanation: Coser argued that manifest conflict often arises when latent tensions, which have been simmering beneath the surface, finally surface and lead to open conflict between groups.

56. Coser’s theory of conflict suggests that conflict serves a positive role in:

(A) Reinforcing social divisions and inequalities

(B) Preventing social change and challenging authority

(D) Strengthening the power of the dominant groups

Explanation: Coser viewed conflict as a tool for clarifying societal roles, norms, and expectations, which helps reinforce social cohesion and integration within a society.

57. Coser argued that conflict within a society can:

(A) Prevent groups from challenging the established social order

(B) Lead to the eradication of social institutions

(D) Reduce social integration and cooperation

Explanation: Coser believed that conflict can prompt the reorganization and restructuring of societal norms and institutions, allowing for adaptation to new social realities.

58. According to Coser, manifest conflict often serves as:

(A) A disruptive force that weakens social systems

(B) A temporary crisis that society will eventually outgrow

(D) A cause of permanent social fragmentation

Explanation: Coser argued that manifest conflict is often a necessary step in addressing the latent conflicts that have been brewing in society, allowing for the resolution of underlying tensions.

59. Coser believed that conflict could be functional for society because it:

(A) Always leads to complete disruption

(B) Promotes stability by reinforcing existing power structures

(D) Destroys outdated norms and roles

Explanation: Coser believed that conflict plays a functional role by helping social systems evolve and adapt, ensuring they remain relevant and effective as society changes.

60. According to Coser, conflict is a means to:

(A) Maintain social equilibrium without any changes

(B) Strengthen social hierarchies and inequalities

(D) Encourage isolation and disengagement within social groups

Explanation: Coser saw conflict as a mechanism through which societal norms and values are reaffirmed and strengthened, as conflict forces groups to clarify and reassert their beliefs and expectations.

61. Coser’s theory suggests that conflict can sometimes:

(A) Disrupt the functioning of social systems

(B) Strengthen social bonds through shared challenges

(D) Promote complete social isolation

(B) Strengthen social bonds through shared challenges

Explanation: Coser believed that conflict, when managed and understood, could strengthen social bonds by uniting individuals or groups in shared challenges and promoting solidarity.

62. Coser’s theory of conflict suggests that conflict can act as:

(A) A force for social breakdown and disorder

(B) A catalyst for change and innovation in society

(D) A method of eliminating conflicts altogether

(B) A catalyst for change and innovation in society

Explanation: Coser argued that conflict is not inherently destructive but can drive social change and innovation by pushing society to adapt to new circumstances and re-evaluate existing norms and values.

63. According to Coser, latent conflicts can become manifest when:

(A) Groups become fully aware of their differences

(B) The dominant group suppresses the conflict

(D) Social institutions dissolve

Explanation: Coser believed that latent conflicts become manifest when groups are forced to address their underlying tensions publicly, leading to open conflict that can either resolve or reframe those tensions.

64. Coser viewed social conflict as an essential aspect of:

(A) Social change and societal adaptation

(B) Maintaining social harmony through suppression

(D) Reaffirming the dominance of the ruling class

(A) Social change and societal adaptation

Explanation: Coser argued that social conflict is an essential aspect of social change and societal adaptation, allowing for the reorganization and evolution of social structures and norms in response to new challenges.

65. Coser's theory emphasizes that conflict within a society can:

(A) Prevent the formation of new social roles

(B) Facilitate the redefinition of group boundaries and identities

(D) Encourage social isolation and disintegration

(B) Facilitate the redefinition of group boundaries and identities

Explanation: According to Coser, conflict can facilitate the redefinition of group boundaries and identities, as conflicting groups are forced to negotiate their differences and clarify their roles within society.

66. According to Coser, the functional aspect of conflict is that it:

(A) Always leads to social division and chaos

(B) Provides an opportunity for social reorganization

(D) Reduces the role of power in social relationships

(B) Provides an opportunity for social reorganization

Explanation: Coser saw the functional aspect of conflict as its ability to provide opportunities for social reorganization, leading to adjustments in norms, roles, and structures that better suit the needs of society.

67. Coser’s perspective on conflict challenges the view that:

(A) Conflict is inevitable and always harmful

(B) Conflict is an indication of social dysfunction and failure

(D) Conflict always results in social breakdown

(B) Conflict is an indication of social dysfunction and failure

Explanation: Coser challenged the traditional view that conflict indicates social dysfunction, instead arguing that conflict can serve a functional role in maintaining and transforming society.

68. According to Coser, social conflict can lead to the formation of:

(A) A more rigid, unchanging social system

(B) A new set of social norms that better reflect the needs of society

(D) Complete breakdown of communication between social groups

(B) A new set of social norms that better reflect the needs of society

Explanation: Coser believed that conflict provides opportunities for the creation of new social norms that better reflect the evolving needs of society, ensuring its adaptation to changing conditions.

69. Coser’s conflict theory is similar to Marxist theory in that both:

(A) View conflict as inevitable due to social inequality

(B) Argue that conflict is always destructive for society

(D) Focus on social cooperation and social harmony

(A) View conflict as inevitable due to social inequality

Explanation: Like Marxist theory, Coser’s conflict theory acknowledges that conflict is often inevitable due to social inequalities, but Coser also highlighted the positive and functional aspects of conflict in society.

70. According to Coser, conflict is often a result of:

(A) Unresolved tensions between social groups

(B) The breakdown of societal norms

(D) The complete rejection of societal values

(A) Unresolved tensions between social groups

Explanation: Coser argued that conflict arises from unresolved tensions within society, which, if left unchecked, can lead to open conflict as groups address their differences.

71. Coser's theory suggests that conflict can help:

(A) Promote societal unity by suppressing differences

(B) Address the causes of social problems by encouraging dialogue

(D) Prevent the redistribution of resources within society

(B) Address the causes of social problems by encouraging dialogue

Explanation: Coser believed that conflict can serve as a mechanism for addressing social problems by encouraging dialogue and negotiation, allowing society to better understand and resolve underlying issues.

72. According to Coser, the existence of conflict within a social system:

(A) Is always harmful to its functioning

(B) Can contribute to the system's stability by clarifying roles and norms

(D) Leads to the breakdown of social relationships

(B) Can contribute to the system's stability by clarifying roles and norms

Explanation: Coser argued that conflict could contribute to the stability of social systems by clarifying roles, norms, and values, helping society adapt and evolve over time.

73. According to Coser, latent conflict is likely to emerge as manifest conflict when:

(A) Social norms are not followed

(B) The tension between groups becomes too intense to ignore

(D) Individuals refuse to accept societal roles

(B) The tension between groups becomes too intense to ignore

Explanation: Latent conflict remains hidden until the tensions between groups become too great to ignore, eventually leading to open, manifest conflict that can be addressed and resolved.

74. Coser believed that social conflict serves a functional purpose by:

(A) Eliminating the need for new norms and values

(B) Helping social groups maintain power

(D) Creating long-term instability

Explanation: Coser believed that social conflict helps social systems adapt to changing conditions by providing a means to examine and reorganize norms and roles in response to new social realities.

75. According to Coser, conflict can be a tool for social transformation because it:

(A) Strengthens the dominance of the ruling group

(B) Forces society to confront and reevaluate its structures

(D) Leads to social fragmentation and isolation

(B) Forces society to confront and reevaluate its structures

Explanation: Coser viewed conflict as a tool for social transformation because it forces society to confront its structures and reassess social roles, leading to change and adaptation to new conditions.

76. According to Coser, conflict in a society can:

(A) Cause social decay and lead to the collapse of social systems

(B) Reinforce existing power structures without change

(D) Drive social change by challenging existing norms and values

Explanation: Coser argued that conflict drives social change by challenging established norms and values, pushing society to adapt and reform in response to new demands.

77. In Coser’s conflict theory, the manifestation of conflict often occurs when:

(A) Social systems remain static and unchanged

(B) Social groups face direct challenges to their interests

(D) Latent conflict disappears over time

(B) Social groups face direct challenges to their interests

Explanation: Manifest conflict often emerges when groups face direct challenges to their interests, leading to open disputes and conflicts that are more visible and require resolution.

78. According to Coser, the role of conflict in society is:

(A) Always destructive and disruptive

(B) Primarily about maintaining the power of the dominant group

(D) A process to isolate social groups from one another

Explanation: Coser emphasized that conflict is not merely destructive; it serves as a mechanism for social change and cohesion, helping society adapt and reorganize in response to challenges.

79. Coser’s conflict theory highlights that social systems:

(A) Should avoid conflict to maintain harmony

(B) Are best understood by focusing on how they resolve conflicts

(D) Cannot function without a strong dominant authority

(B) Are best understood by focusing on how they resolve conflicts

Explanation: Coser argued that understanding how social systems address and resolve conflicts is key to understanding their functioning and evolution.

80. Coser's conflict theory suggests that conflict is:

(A) Always harmful and disruptive to society

(B) A mechanism for maintaining social order without change

(D) A symptom of societal failure

Explanation: Coser believed that conflict is essential for the evolution and adaptation of social systems, as it helps to address societal problems, question established norms, and promote positive change.

81. According to Coser, social conflict plays a role in:

(A) Reaffirming the existing order and power structures

(B) Encouraging individuals to withdraw from society

(D) Creating lasting divisions and isolation within society

Explanation: Coser viewed conflict as a catalyst for the reorganization and adjustment of social roles and norms, encouraging society to evolve and adapt in response to emerging tensions.

82. Coser’s conflict theory highlights the idea that conflict:

(A) Leads to the complete destruction of social systems

(B) Is a natural and inevitable part of social systems

(D) Should be avoided to maintain harmony

(B) Is a natural and inevitable part of social systems

Explanation: Coser argued that conflict is a natural and inevitable part of social systems, and its presence can lead to positive changes, such as adaptation and improvement of social structures.

83. Coser’s theory suggests that conflict can lead to:

(A) The end of social norms and structures

(B) The reinforcement of existing inequalities

(D) Complete uniformity across social groups

Explanation: Coser believed that conflict provides an opportunity for social change, enabling the development of new norms and roles that better reflect the needs of society.

84. According to Coser, the manifestation of conflict often serves to:

(A) Strengthen the status quo

(B) Clarify and redefine societal roles and expectations

(D) Eliminate the need for societal norms

(B) Clarify and redefine societal roles and expectations

Explanation: Coser argued that manifest conflict helps clarify and redefine roles and expectations in society, as groups confront their differences and negotiate new social arrangements.

85. Coser’s conflict theory suggests that the presence of conflict can:

(A) Lead to social breakdown and disintegration

(B) Force society to address underlying tensions and reestablish order

(D) Prevent changes in the social order

(B) Force society to address underlying tensions and reestablish order

Explanation: Coser believed that conflict forces society to confront underlying tensions and provides an opportunity for reestablishing social order, allowing for necessary adaptations and restructuring.

86. According to Coser, conflict serves as a means for:

(A) Disrupting the integration of social systems

(B) Achieving social harmony by suppressing differences

(D) Destroying social relationships

Explanation: Coser saw conflict as a way of clarifying and reaffirming societal values and expectations, ensuring that groups understand their roles and relationships within society.

87. Coser argued that conflict within a society can lead to:

(A) Complete isolation of conflicting groups

(B) The reinforcement of social divisions and inequalities

(D) The destruction of social order

Explanation: Coser believed that conflict provides opportunities for social transformation by challenging existing norms and structures, leading to the evolution of societal roles and values.

88. In Coser’s theory, conflict within a society often acts as:

(A) A catalyst for the collapse of social institutions

(B) A mechanism for social adaptation and integration

(D) A way to maintain the status quo without change

(B) A mechanism for social adaptation and integration

Explanation: Coser argued that conflict is a mechanism that promotes social adaptation and integration, pushing society to rethink and reorganize its structures to accommodate new challenges.

89. Coser viewed social conflict as:

(A) Only a destructive force within society

(B) A source of societal renewal and evolution

(D) A force that should be completely avoided

(B) A source of societal renewal and evolution

Explanation: Coser saw conflict as a source of societal renewal and evolution, offering society the chance to reassess, adapt, and evolve its structures and roles in response to changing needs.

90. According to Coser, conflict within social systems can:

(A) Weaken social structures and roles

(B) Prevent necessary social change

(D) Lead to the collapse of social order

Explanation: Coser believed that conflict can promote a deeper understanding of the relationships and values between social groups, fostering greater cohesion and clarity within society.

91. Coser’s theory suggests that conflict can play a role in:

(A) Keeping society static and unchanging

(B) Reinforcing social norms and values

(D) Strengthening social inequalities

Explanation: Coser viewed conflict as a driving force for social innovation, encouraging adaptation and change to meet new challenges and ensure that social systems remain relevant.

92. According to Coser, latent conflict exists:

(A) In the open and is visible to all

(B) Only in situations of extreme social inequality

(D) In isolated groups with no impact on society

Explanation: Latent conflict refers to underlying tensions within a society that have not yet been expressed openly but can eventually surface and become manifest when conditions allow.

93. Coser’s concept of manifest conflict refers to:

(A) Conflict that is hidden and not recognized by society

(B) Conflict that emerges openly and visibly

(D) Conflict that occurs within individuals rather than between groups

(B) Conflict that emerges openly and visibly

Explanation: Manifest conflict occurs when latent tensions are exposed and acted upon, resulting in visible and open conflicts between groups or individuals.

94. Coser believed that social conflict serves a function by:

(A) Creating long-lasting divisions between groups

(B) Reinforcing societal norms without challenging them

(D) Suppressing dissent within social groups

Explanation: Coser emphasized that conflict serves a social function by encouraging groups to examine and understand the structures, relationships, and values within society more deeply.

95. According to Coser, conflict can be viewed as a positive force because it:

(A) Promotes social inequality and power imbalances

(B) Brings attention to necessary social changes

(D) Is always destructive for society

(B) Brings attention to necessary social changes

Explanation: Coser saw conflict as a positive force because it highlights areas where social change is needed, forcing society to address those issues and evolve.

96. Coser argued that conflict within social groups could:

(A) Lead to the permanent fragmentation of society

(B) Prevent social change and adaptation

(D) Isolate groups and prevent cooperation

Explanation: Coser believed that conflict helps groups solidify their identities and clarify boundaries by distinguishing their roles, values, and relationships with other groups.

97. According to Coser, the functional role of conflict in society is to:

(A) Maintain stability by suppressing social change

(B) Provide a means of adaptation to new social conditions

(D) Prevent the emergence of social movements

(B) Provide a means of adaptation to new social conditions

Explanation: Coser believed that conflict provides a functional role by promoting the adaptation of social systems to new challenges, leading to changes that help society better respond to evolving needs.

98. In Coser’s theory, latent conflict is:

(A) Rarely acknowledged or addressed by society

(B) Often resolved immediately through negotiations

(D) The same as manifest conflict

Explanation: Coser viewed latent conflict as a necessary component of social life because it represents underlying tensions that, once expressed, can lead to beneficial changes and a clearer understanding of societal needs.

99. According to Coser, the resolution of social conflict can:

(A) Lead to complete social disintegration

(B) Reinforce the existing power structure

(D) Create permanent social hierarchies

Explanation: Coser argued that conflict resolution can promote greater integration and understanding between groups by addressing underlying issues, clarifying roles, and redefining relationships.

100. Coser believed that conflict, when managed properly, can:

(A) Destroy social relationships permanently

(B) Strengthen the unity of society by resolving differences

(D) Maintain the status quo without any change

(B) Strengthen the unity of society by resolving differences

Explanation: Coser believed that, when managed effectively, conflict could lead to the strengthening of social unity by resolving differences and ensuring that society adapts to new challenges.

Conflict Perspective: L. A. Coser

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